Chapter 8 Matching Activity

An 1868 constitutional amendment removing racial restrictions on citizenship and mandating equal justice before the law.

The period following the Civil War when radical Republicans in Congress took control of Reconstruction policy, enacting legislation to protect the rights of Black citizens, especially the people recently freed from slavery.

Promoted the settlement of formerly enslaved people in the American colony of Liberia, in West Africa.

An early social welfare project established on the coast of South Carolina after U.S. troops occupied the sea islands of South Carolina and Georgia early in the war. Medical professionals, teachers, and missionaries came from the North to help freed people in their transition to freedom.

An 1865 constitutional amendment that outlawed slavery in the United States except as a punishment for a crime.

Statutes discriminating against nonwhite Americans, particularly in the South. The term specifically refers to regulations enforcing racial segregation.

The practice of a tenant farming the landlord’s ground for a share of the crop, sold when the harvest came in. This was the only available form of employment to many formerly enslaved people in the post–Civil War South and became a way of maintaining wealthy white power, ensuring Black indebtedness and dependence on white landowners.

Abraham Lincoln’s declaration of freedom for enslaved people living in Confederate-controlled areas on January 1, 1863.

A university located in Nashville, Tennessee, founded in 1866 to offer higher education to African American students.

Organizations established by former abolitionists to aid formerly enslaved people, one of which provide food and medical supplies to the Exodusters in Kansas.

An 1870 constitutional amendment forbidding discrimination in voting on the basis of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.

The separation of Black and white people into separate racial groups in daily life.